Intermittent movement



- 1,560,908 F. E. GARBUTT Er AL,

-INTERMlTTENT MOVEMENT medumn 1o, y192s Nav. 10,1925.

Patented Nov. 10, `.1925. I

" UNITED STATES PATENT' OFFICE.

FRANK E. lG'ABIB'U'TJ.' AND RALPH G. FEAR, 0F LOS ANGELES CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNORS T FAMOUS PLAYIBS-LASKY CORPORATION, A GORPOBATION 0F NIW YORK.

DI'TEBIITTENT IOVEINT.

alimentan mea meh 1o, 1923. seran an. sanno.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANK E. GAnnU'rr and RALPH: G. Fran, 'both citizens of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in

6 the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Intermittent Movement, of which the following is a. specification.

This invention relates to mechanical movements and is of particular utility in motion picture industry as means for intermttently advancing a. film strip in various motion picture apparatus.

In the motion picture art, photographic 16. images are formed on transparent film' in consecutive and evenly spaced order. In

. the making of a negative film, consecutive images of a changing scene are impressed upon a. sensitized film strip, by intermittently advancing consecutive portions, or frames, of the film strip before an objective lens arrangement provided with a shutter which is synchronized withthe movement of the film. In the showing of motion pic# tures upon the screen, a positive film is carried through a projecting machine in substantially the same manner as a negative film is employed in the camera. In this instance the film is intermittently advanced the projecting machine in such a ,manner that the frames thereof are consecutively brought before an aperture which is provided with a projecting lens.

In both the above cases, it is necessary that the consecutive 'frames be held stationary before the light aperture throu hout the time that the shutters allow lig t to pass, in order that, in the first instance, a photographic ima-ge may be impressed upon a stationary sensitized surface, and inthe 'secpnd instance, that the projecting light beam willpass through afstationary posit-ive frameor `image, so that in either case no blurring of the image will take place.

-Itis an object of the invention to provide an intermittent movement having a variety of usages, but being of particular utility in the motion picture industry.

It is a further object thereof to provide 5 such an intermittent movement in which the time consumed in the advance of the film constitutes an extremely the full period.

It is a further object of the invention to small portion ofv provide in such device afmeans for clamping the film stri exce twhen ing advanced.

e special advantages of our invention and further ob'ects thereof will be made evident hereina r.

Referring to the drawing which is for illustrative purposes only,

Fig. 1 Vis a vertical section through a device embodying our invention, this section being taken upon a plane represented by the line 1-1 of Fig. 2.

F ig. 2 is an elevation of the device shown in Flg. 1, being partially sectioned upon a plane represented by the linp 2-2 of 1. ig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. 1 showing the parts disposed in another position.

Fig.l 4 is -a view showing a section of a film such as employed in the motion picture so that it will be immovable A industry, and which, theintermittent movement shown, is adapted to advance through a motion picture apparatus.

In the drawing we show a vertical mounting plate 11 across which a film 12 is adapted to travel. This mounting plate may be emplolyl'ed in various motion picture devices suc as a camera, projecting machine, or printer. In the plate 11we provide an aperture 1 3 across which the film strip 12 is intermittently moved. In this aperture 13 a a carriage or traveler 21, which provides vertical slides 22, is slidably placed. Upon these vertical slides 22 an engagement element 24 is disposed, having a substantially square opening 25 therein which has engagement fingers 26 mounted at the forward end thereof. Upon a plate 28 formed upon the end of a shaft 29, a triangular cam 30 is situated which extends into the opening 25, and cooperates with the opening 25 in ,clamping member 15 is placed which is Y in their downward travel. which the member v24 1s shown l1n Fig.

- givingthe engagement element 24a rectangular motion as indicated by the dotted lines 32 in Figs. 1 and 3. This dottedline 32 indicates the shape of the .path of any point in the member 24, and is in particular the path described by the point of the upper finger 26. The ngers26 are arrangedin two vertical rows, three lingers in each row, and are adapted to engage perforations 35 in the edges of-a film strip such as indicated at 36-in`F ig. 4. The de th of the' square 32 which the member 24 describes is equal to the space between the frames 37 of the filml 36. Iii-Fig. 1 the fingers 26 are shown in engagement- 'with the film and ata point The position in i) is at the end of its rearward travel preliminary to starting the upward travel.

It will be perceived that the downward' travel of the member 24 is one-fourth the full travel thereof, owing to the fact thatV the downward travel represents one side of the square 32.A It will then be understood that as the plate 28 revolves androtates the ycam 30, as indicated by the arrows thereupon, the member 24 willcontinuously ydescribe a square'32, and in so doing the fingers 26 thereof willengage the'film 11 justl previous to the starting of the member 24 .upon itsrdownward travel, and during( its downward travel will advance the lilm one:

' frame. "It will be perceived that Vthe corners-1 of the square 32 are slightly curved and that the downwardftravel starts slightly before the member reaches the yend ofE its -forward 'f -travel and in order towcompensate- .foi-athis, f'the fingersV 26f`are "made of'suiiicient length Y i that' they will be `fully engaged .before the `memberI 24 starts downward..l v f The trianguaream 30 is commonly harmonic owing to the harmonic movement A Pit provides. `By its'use a gradual start and an intermediate'maximum speed with a re` tardatlon =1n the finish of the stroke isaecomplishedwhich'is highly desirable@ inm01 tion y"picture work in order thatk sudden' stresses upon the film 12 be kept -away from.

The clamping member 15:.is pivotally attached at 40 to an arm 41 which is bifurcated at: the upper end 'and' is Vivotally mounted l Y upon the plate.y 11 by a s aft 42 which extends through brackets 43.` At

v55- bifurcated ends -44 olf-the arm 41 tlitef upper s op pins 45, which. operate `through bushings 46 placed in the vplate 11, are turnably mounted upon pins 47. The ends ofthe members are formed to provide lingers 48 which engage -perforations in the edge of the lilm 12, when the` ends 44`o'f thev arm 41 .areal-v lowed .to advance inwardly. The lower end 50 of the arm 41 extends down into the path of the upper plate 51 o f the carriage 21 so that whenever the carriage is in the advanced position as shown in Fig. 1, the end ,50 is moved.forwardly and the upper end of the armswung away from theplate 11, thus drawing .the lingers 48 out of engagement with 'the film 12 and moving the L clamping plate'15 away from the plate 'Y 1\thusleav'ingthe filml free to travel downwardly under engagement of the iingers 26 of the member 24. The clamping platep15l and the' pins 45 are normally maintained in a osition of engagement with the film by a sprmg l which rests upon the top of the'traveler 21,'and which is attached Ato a bracket lvformed upon the arm 41.

The provision of two sets of perpendicu larly disposed slides, such as 20 and 22, which are parallel, to the plane through which thecam 30 and the member 24 move,

portionof Ithe, film 12 which is disposed before the opening 18, thusassuring the proper and facile engagement Vof the ilm by the lingers 26.

f A particular advantage of the intermittent movement shown is thaty the period of intermissionl `is .substantially three-fourths of the-.complete cyel'e ofs-theuengagement eenement,thusfallowingm Icomparatively long -:timeffortheacti0n lof the shutters and mak- 4'wingit possible tofvary,;between the minimum andgi'maximum limits, the length of time during which-v the lilmf is exposed `to light. A further advantage'in the device is that the` film is lsecurely clamped duringthiszin- ."termission, thus assuring that no movement `1 A thereof will take plaeeduringitsexposure to-light. i ,f'-We,claim as .our invention; -4

` 1.; In an intermittent movement, the com-A ybination 'ofzf a forwardlymovable member;

-an engagement element adapted to intermittentlyv engage and advance said .movable member; aclamp -for holding said movable member immovable. during the intermission between-the intermittent advance of said movable member by said engagement element, a pivote'sdl member adapted to be moved bywunsecured contact of said enga ement element therewith; stop pins pivotal y dis ppsed on.v said pivoted member, said stop plus being adapted to engageperforations in said movable member; and means kfor withdrawmg said stop pins from said peruforations.

.2. In an intermittent movement, the combination of: a film; guide means providing a path for the: movement of -.said film; slides mounted perpendicularly to said path; a traveler dis osed upon said slides and havingslides t ereupon extending substantially perpendicular to 'said first named slides; a member disposed upon said second named slides' having means thereupon for' engaging said film; means for imparting a rectangular movement to said -member so that said member will intermittently engage and advance said film; a clamp for holding said film'stationary during the periodsbe- Itween the advance of said film, said clampl comprising an arm pivoted ata point between its ends, Said point/being so located that the inner endgof/said arm is engaged Aand depressed by said-.trai-eler during'the advance 'o :fY said film by said member; and a clamp plate upon the outer end of'said arm yadapted to bear against Said film when said inner end of said arm is not engaged by said/traveler.

3. In an intermittent movement, the'com bination of a film; guide means providing ."a path ,for` the 'movement of said film;

Slides mounted perpendicular. to said path; a' traveler disposed upon said slides and `having" slides. thereupon extending subst-antially perpendicular to said first named slides; a member disposed upon said second named slides having means thereupon for engaging said fihn; means for imparting a rectangular movement to said member so that said member will'intermittently engage and Y advance said film; a clampl for holding said p upon the outer end ofsaid arm adapted to bear-against saidfilm when said inner end of said arm. is not engagedby said traveler.; and resllient means for holding 'said clamp i plate against said film.

4. device, as in claim 3, in which' said member has a rectangular opening therein, and 1n -which sald means for imparting a lar cam engaging said opening, Eand means for suitably rotating'said cam.

5. In' an intermittent movement,the combination of: a `film;.guide means providing a patliv for the 4 movement `of' saidv film; slides mounted perpendicular to lsaid pa'th; a traveler dispesed upon said slides and hav- Y ing slides thereupon extending substantially perpendicular to said firstfnamed' slides;

a member disposed upon said second named slides having means thereupon :for engaging said fihn; means forimparting a rectangular movement to said member so that said member will intermittently 'engage and advance said film; a clamp for holding said film stationary during the periods between the advance of said film, said clamp comprising an arm pivoted at a point between its ends', said point being so located that the inner end of said arm Visengaged and depressed by said traivvd eler 'during Vthe advance of said film by said member; a clamp late upon the outer end of said arm adapted) to bear against said film when said inner end of said arm is not engaged by said traveler; resilient means for holding said clamp plate against said film, said member having a. rectangular open.-

p ing therein, said means for imparting a rectangular movement comprising a trianguy lar cam'adapted vto move against the sides of said rectangular opening; means for ro t'ating said cam; and stop pins on said arm for. engaging perforations in said film during the periods between the periods of-ad lvaneel of said film by' said member.

6. In an intermittent movement, thecombination of: a-forwardly movable member.; an engagement element'member adapted to engage and advance said movable member; a pivnted member arranged to be moved by unsecured contact of said engagement element therewith; stop pins disposed on said pivoted member, said stop pins being ar' lranged to engage perforatlons 1nl said movable member but being disengaged from said perforations when said pivoted member -1s moved; and resilientmeans for returning v said pivoted member to its initial position.

7. In an intermittent movement as described in claim 6 in which said engagement element 'engages and moves said pivoted vmember slightly before the eintermittent ad- :1n-engagement element member adapted td engage and advance said movable member;

a pivoted member arranged t'be moved by unsecured contact of said engagement1 element therewith; stop pins disposed on saidY pivoted .member, `said stop pins being arranged to engage perforations inA said mov'- able member but being disengaged from said rectangular movement comprises a trianguperforations when said pivoted member is moved; and `spring means for returning said pivoted member to initial position.

9. An intermittent movementas described in claim 8 in combination with a clamp mem-- ber for clamping said-movable member, said lamp being disposed'on said' pivoted-mem- 10. In an intermittent movement, the' combination of: a film; -a horizontal slide comprisingmembers spaced apart; a. traveler slidably arranged on said horizontal slide, said traveler comprising apair of vertical bars spaced apart; an engagement element slidable on said vertical bars, said element having means for engaging said film; means for moving said engagement' element in a manner to intermittently advancesaid film; a pivoted member adapted .to be moved by unsecured contact of said engagement element therewith; stop pins pivotally disposed on said pivote-(l member, said stop pins being adapted to engage perforations -in said film; and means for withdrawing said stop pins ,from said perforations. A

11. In an intermittent movement, the combination of: a film; a horizontal slide comprising members spaced apart; a traveler slidably arranged on said horizontal slide, Said traveler comprising aV pair of'vertieal bars spaced apart; an engagement element slidablc on said vertical bars, said element having means for engaging'said film; means for moving said engagement element in a manner to intermittently advance said film; means for clamping said film when said film is at rest; a pivoted member adapted to be moved by unsecured contact of said engagement element therewith; stop pins pivotally disposed on said pivoted member and having continuously a horizontal motion when sald film is vertical, said stop pins being adapted to engage perforationsin said films;

and means for withdrawing said stop pins from said perforations.

12. In. an intermittent movement, the combination of a film; a horizontal slide comprising cylindrical members spaced apart; a traveler slidably arranged on said horizontal slide. said traveler comprising a pair stop pins arranged to engage perfor-ations in said film when said film is at rest; a pivotcd member supporting said clamp and said stop pins and pivotally secured to said stop pins; guides having apertures through which said pins pass into apertures of said film, said pivoted member being arranged to be swung by unsecured ccntact of said engagement elcment therewith so as te remove said clamp and said stop pins ,from engagement with said film during the motion thereof.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands at Los Angeles, California, this 3rd day of March 1928.

' FRANK E. GARBUT'I.

RALPH G. FEAR. 

